Distemper paints are relatively simple-made of chalk, pigments, water, and hide glue as the binder. They have been around since antiquity and produce extraordinary optical qualities with unique advantages. When correctly applied, the result is a soft, velvety finish known for its luminous effects. They are a delicate, ephemeral finish that can be removed with warm water if damaged or soiled, then reapplied. The ability to remove the paint limits the buildup of paint layers that can distort detail, add weight, and prevent lime’s natural air and moisture exchange. The reversible nature of the paint is also in compliance with modern conservation standards. This type of paint was widely used in interiors until the beginning of the 20th century. 
Like linseed oil paints, the methods used to make distemper are derived from treatises. First, a base “creme” is made with calcium carbonate (chalk) and water; then, if necessary, dry pigments are hand-ground (with a muller and slab) and added. Finally, prepared hide glue is gently warmed and added to the creme on the day of application.